IL-1B(3954) polymorphism and red complex bacteria increase IL-1β (GCF) levels in periodontitis.

Our results indicate an independent association of both IL-1B(3954)-SNP and red complex bacterial species with increased IL-1β levels in GCF of periodontitis sites. A better understanding of the interaction between genetics, bacteria, and inflammation is essential to develop more effective diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools for periodontitis.