Oceanic oxygen levels are decreasing significantly in response to global climate change; however, the microbial diversity and ecological functional responses to dissolved oxygen (DO) in the open ocean are largely unknown. Here, we present prokaryotic distribution coupled with physical and biogeochemical variables and DO gradients from the surface to near the bottom of a water column along an approximately 12,000-km transect from 13° N to 18° S in the Tropical Pacific Ocean. Nitrate (11.42%), temperature (10.90%), pH (10.91%), silicate (9.34%), phosphate (4.25%), chlorophyll a (3.66%), DO (3.50%), and salinity (3.48%) significantly explained the microbial community variations in the studied area. A distinct microbial community composition broadly corresponding to the water masses formed vertically. Additionally, distinct ecotypes of Thaumarchaeota and Nitrospinae belonging to diverse phylogenetic clades that coincided with specific vertical niches were observed. Moreover, the correlation analysis revealed large-scale natural feedback in which chlorophyll a (organic matter) promoted Thaumarchaeotal biomass at depths that subsequently coupled with Nitrospina , produced and replenished nitrate for phytoplankton productivity at the surface. Low DO also favored Thaumarchaeota growth and fueled nitrate production.
Keyphrases
- microbial community
- climate change
- organic matter
- nitric oxide
- drinking water
- antibiotic resistance genes
- human health
- mental health
- physical activity
- minimally invasive
- wastewater treatment
- magnetic resonance imaging
- magnetic resonance
- contrast enhanced
- liquid chromatography
- computed tomography
- high resolution
- quantum dots
- anaerobic digestion
- fine needle aspiration
- genetic diversity
- solid phase extraction
- contrast enhanced ultrasound