Efficient energy and memory storage capabilities in optimized BiFeO 3 /MnMoO 4 /NiFe 2 O 4 triphasic composites for futuristic multistate devices.

The emergence of multiferroic materials particularly bismuth iron oxide (BiFeO 3 ) with distinctive magnetoelectric, and high energy storage capabilities, present pivotal aspects for next-generation memory storage devices. However, intrinsically weak magnetoelectric coupling limits their widespread applications, that can be leap over by the integration of BiFeO 3 with enriched ferroelectric, and ferro/ferrimagnetic materials. Here, a series (1 - x )[0.7BiFeO 3 + 0.3MnMoO 4 ] + x NiFe 2 O 4 ( x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09) is synthesized via citrate-gel based self-ignition, and solid-state reaction routes. Phase purity and crystallinity of tri-phase composites with surfaces revealing random and arbitrarily shaped grains are assured by X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Dielectric studies illustrated non-linear trend for broad range of frequencies as predicted by Maxwell-Wagner theory along with single semicircle arcs in Nyquist plots that exposes grain boundaries effect. An enriched 68.42% of ferroelectric efficiency is featured for x = 0.06 substitutional contents, while magnetic computations demonstrated improved saturation magnetization ( M s ), remanence magnetization ( M r ), and coercive applied magnetic field ( H c ) values as 5.87 emu g -1 , 0.96 emu g -1 , and 215.19 Oe, respectively for x = 0.09 phase-fraction. The intriguing linear trends of magnetoelectric coupling for all the compositions are corroborating them propitious contenders for futuristic multistate devices.