Budesonide repairs decreased barrier integrity of eosinophilic nasal polyp epithelial cells caused by PM2.5.

PM2.5 impaired the barrier function of eos-CRSwNP epithelial cells and increased the permeability of large molecules. PM2.5 also increased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by nasal epithelial cells. Budesonide could partially repair the damage, suggesting potential applications in clinical practice.