Safety evaluation of immune-based combinations in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Beyond efficacy and activity, the ipilimumab plus nivolumab combination appears feasible, being endowed by an acceptable safety profile, in line with that of the other available options for the treatment of metastatic RCC. The different patterns of toxicities emerging from this systematic review and meta-analysis need to be kept in mind while choosing the appropriate treatment for each individual patient. Furthermore, prevention, prompt identification, and treatment of immune-related adverse events remains an area to be improved.