Is low anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level a risk factor of miscarriage in women <37 years old undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)?

Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is considered to be one of the most relevant markers of ovarian reserve. However, its association with oocyte quality, pregnancy occurrence and evolution remain to be further investigated. The objective of this study was to compare miscarriage rate after fresh blastocyst(s) transfer in young women (<37 years old) with or without diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), as reflected by low serum AMH levels. This monocentric retrospective study was conducted in 669 women undergoing 1,891 blastocyst transfers. Patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) 190 transfers performed in 106 women with a 'low' serum AMH (< 10th percentile) (i.e. AMH < 0.85 ng/mL); and (2) 961 transfers performed in 563 patients with a 'normal' serum AMH (25th-75th percentile) (i.e. AMH 1.4-4 ng/mL). Miscarriage rate was comparable in both groups (9.5 and 6.8% respectively; p = 0.2) as well as implantation rate, pregnancy rate, live birth rate per transfer (p = 0.4, p = 0.07 and p = 0.6, respectively). After multivariate analysis, no significant association was found between serum AMH level and miscarriage rate (p = 0.22). In women <37 years, low serum AMH level is not associated with an increase in miscarriage rate after fresh blastocyst transfer.