History and prospects of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and the development of golden hamster ICSI embryos.

To our knowledge, there are no available reports on production of offspring from ICSI embryos in hamsters except our reports. Moreover, success rates of hamster ICSI remain very low. For the purpose of spreading hamster ICSI, it is necessary to make further researches to improve manipulation techniques and to resolve experimental problems.