Contamination bias in the estimation of child maltreatment causal effects on adolescent internalizing and externalizing behavior problems.
John M FeltUlziimaa Chimed-OchirKenneth A ShoresAnneke E OlsonYanling LiZachary F FisherNilam RamChad E ShenkPublished in: Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines (2024)
The presence of contamination in a nonmaltreated comparison group can underestimate the magnitude and statistical significance of causal effect size estimates, especially when investigating internalizing behavior problems. Addressing contamination can facilitate the replication of results across studies.