Apical papillary muscle displacement is a prevalent feature and a phenotypic precursor of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Domenico FilomenaBert VandenberkTom DresselaersRik WillemsJohan Van CleemputIacopo OlivottoTomas RobynsJan BogaertPublished in: European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging (2023)
Apical PM displacement is part of the phenotypic Ap-HCM spectrum and may precede the development of hypertrophy. These observations suggest a potential pathogenetic, mechanical link between apical PM displacement and Ap-HCM.