The effect of air pockets in the urinary bladder on the temperature distribution during loco-regional hyperthermia treatment of bladder cancer patients.
G SchooneveldtH P KokAkke BakkerE D GeijsenMaarten C C M HulshofTheo M de ReijkeJohannes CrezeePublished in: International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group (2018)
Presence of air causes more heterogeneous bladder wall temperatures and lower T90, particularly for larger air pockets. The size of air pockets must therefore be minimized during bladder hyperthermia treatments.