Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in Children: A Model of Precision Medicine and Chemotherapy-Free Therapy.
Carmelo GurnariMaria Teresa Teresa VosoKatia GirardiAngela MastronuzziLuisa StrocchioPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2021)
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) represents a paradigm of precision medicine. Indeed, in the last decades, the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) completely revolutionized the therapeutic approach to this previously highly fatal disorder. This entirely chemotherapy-free treatment, which provided excellent survival rates, has been initially validated in adults and, recently, translated in the pediatric setting. This review summarizes currently available data on the use of ATRA and ATO combination in pediatric APL, providing a particular focus on peculiar issues and challenges, such as the occurrence of pseudotumor cerebri and death during induction (early death), as well as the advantage offered by the ATO/ATRA combination in sparing long-term sequelae.
Keyphrases
- liver failure
- respiratory failure
- acute myeloid leukemia
- bone marrow
- locally advanced
- drug induced
- aortic dissection
- young adults
- risk assessment
- electronic health record
- heavy metals
- hepatitis b virus
- stem cells
- robot assisted
- squamous cell carcinoma
- intensive care unit
- replacement therapy
- childhood cancer
- artificial intelligence