Gram-scale synthesis of porphycenes through acid-catalyzed oxidative macrocyclizations of E / Z -mixed 5,6-diaryldipyrroethenes.

The gram-scale production of porphycene derivatives is reported. This has been achieved by acid-catalyzed ring closure of an E / Z -mixture of 5,6-diaryldipyrroethenes, resulting in the formation of meso -tetraarylporphycenes in yields of up to 80%. E / Z -isomerization of the 5,6-diaryldipyrroethenes under acidic conditions was key to proceed the effective macrocyclization.