Obesity Epidemic-The Underestimated Risk of Endometrial Cancer.
Ludwig KieselChristine EichbaumAriane BaumeierMichael EichbaumPublished in: Cancers (2020)
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequently observed malignant gynecologic disease in developed countries. There is a strong association between the established risk factor obesity and the incidence of EC. Furthermore, the rate of women with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2 is increasing worldwide, correspondingly leading to a higher prevalence of EC. Understanding the adipose tissue as an endocrine organ, elementary pathophysiological pathways of tumorigenesis have been revealed. This includes the fundamental role of hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and hyperestrogenemia, as well as interactions with a chronic proinflammatory microenvironment. Therapeutic options potentially include metformin or bariatric surgery. Moreover, changes in individual lifestyle such as weight reduction, physical activity, and an awareness of healthy nutrition are effective in preventing the disease.
Keyphrases
- endometrial cancer
- insulin resistance
- physical activity
- body mass index
- weight loss
- adipose tissue
- weight gain
- bariatric surgery
- risk factors
- metabolic syndrome
- high fat diet induced
- high fat diet
- type diabetes
- skeletal muscle
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- obese patients
- stem cells
- glycemic control
- single cell
- sleep quality
- depressive symptoms