Multiple Roles of the Low-Affinity Calcium Uptake System in Drechslerella dactyloides , a Nematode-Trapping Fungus That Forms Constricting Rings.

(1) Background: the low-affinity calcium uptake system (LACS) has been shown to play a crucial role in the conidiation and formation of adhesive nets and knobs by nematode-trapping fungi (NTF), but its involvement in the formation of constricting rings (CRs), mechanical traps to capture free-living nematodes, remains unexplored. (2) Methods: we investigated the function of two LACS genes ( DdaFIG_1 and DdaFIG_2 ) in Drechslerella dactyloides , an NTF that forms CRs. We generated single ( DdaFIG_1Ri and DdaFIG_2Ri ) and double ( DdaFIG_1,2Ri ) knockdown mutants via the use of RNA interference (RNAi). (3) Results: suppression of these genes significantly affected conidiation, trap formation, vegetative growth, and response to diverse abiotic stresses. The number of CRs formed by DdaFIG_1Ri , DdaFIG_2Ri , and DdaFIG_1,2Ri decreased to 58.5%, 59.1%, and 38.9% of the wild-type (WT) level, respectively. The ring cell inflation rate also decreased to 73.6%, 60.6%, and 48.8% of the WT level, respectively. (4) Conclusions: the LACS plays multiple critical roles in diverse NTF.