Temporal gene expression profiling of maslinic acid-treated Raji cells.

Maslinic acid is a novel phytochemical reported to target multiple signaling pathways. A complete gene expression profile was therefore constructed to illustrate the anti-tumourigenesis effects of maslinic acid in Raji cells across five time-points. Microarray analysis was used to identify genes that were differentially expressed in maslinic acid treated Raji cells at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h. Extracted RNA was hybridized using the AffymetrixGeneChip to obtain expression profiles. A total of 109 genes were found to be significantly expressed over a period of 48 hours. By 12 hours, maslinic acid regulates the majority of genes involved in the cell cycle, p53 and NF-κB signaling pathways. At the same time, XAF1, APAF1, SESN3, and TP53BP2 were evidently up-regulated, while oncogenes, FAIM, CD27, and RRM2B, were down-regulated by at least 2-fold. In conclusion, maslinic acid shows an hourly progression of gene expression in Raji cells.