Metal TiO2 Nanotube Layers for the Treatment of Dental Implant Infections.
Agata RoguskaAnna BelcarzJustyna ZalewskaMarcin HołdyńskiMariusz AndrzejczukMarcin PisarekGrazyna GinalskaPublished in: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2018)
Titanium oxide nanotube layers with silver and zinc nanoparticles are attracting increasing attention in the design of bone and dental implants due to their antimicrobial potential and their ability to control host cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation. However, recent reports indicate that the etiology of dental infections is more complex than has been previously considered. Therefore, the antimicrobial potential of dental implants should be evaluated against at least several different microorganisms cooperating in human mouth colonization. In this study, Ag and Zn nanoparticles incorporated into titanium oxide nanotubular layers were studied with regard to how they affect Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, and Streptococcus mutans. Layers of titanium oxide nanotubes with an average diameter of 110 nm were fabricated by electrochemical anodization, annealed at 650 °C, and modified with approx. 5 wt % Ag or Zn nanoparticles. The surfaces were examined with the scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques and subjected to evaluation of microbial-killing and microbial adhesion-inhibiting potency. In a 1.5 h long adhesion test, the samples were found more effective toward yeast strains than toward S. mutans. In a release-killing test, the microorganisms were almost completely eliminated by the samples, either within 3 h of contact (for S. mutans) or 24 h of contact (for both yeast strains). Although further improvement is advisable, it seems that Ag and Zn nanoparticles incorporated into TiO2 nanotubular surfaces provide a powerful tool for reducing the incidence of bone implant infections. Their high bidirectional activity (against both Candida species and S. mutans) makes the layers tested particularly promising for the design of dental implants.
Keyphrases
- electron microscopy
- biofilm formation
- candida albicans
- staphylococcus aureus
- escherichia coli
- quantum dots
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- cell adhesion
- solar cells
- soft tissue
- visible light
- heavy metals
- gold nanoparticles
- microbial community
- bone mineral density
- ionic liquid
- highly efficient
- high resolution
- endothelial cells
- cystic fibrosis
- photodynamic therapy
- signaling pathway
- magnetic resonance imaging
- single molecule
- working memory
- risk factors
- optic nerve
- body composition
- climate change
- magnetic resonance
- adverse drug