Acute Intermittent Porphyria: Current Perspectives And Case Presentation.
Zachary SpiritosShakirat SalvadorDiana MosqueraJulius M WilderPublished in: Therapeutics and clinical risk management (2019)
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal dominant metabolic disorder characterized by a deficiency in heme biosynthesis. Heme biosynthesis occurs throughout the body, but it is most prominent in the erythroblastic system and liver. AIP is a hepatic porphyria whereby the liver is the source of toxic heme metabolites. Clinical manifestations of AIP result from a genetic mutation that leads to partial function of porphobiliogen deaminase (PBGD). This causes an accumulation of upstream, neurotoxic metabolites. Symptoms include but are not limited to peripheral neuropathies, autonomic neuropathies and psychiatric manifestations. AIP can be life threatening and clinical signs and symptoms are often heterogeneous and non-specific. Therefore, it is important to be able to recognize these patients to make a prudent diagnosis and offer appropriate therapy. Here, we review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of AIP including the role of liver transplantation.
Keyphrases
- liver failure
- end stage renal disease
- respiratory failure
- ms ms
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- high intensity
- ejection fraction
- drug induced
- aortic dissection
- peritoneal dialysis
- mental health
- prognostic factors
- gene expression
- heart rate variability
- genome wide
- heart rate
- stem cells
- bone marrow
- case report
- depressive symptoms
- physical activity
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- mesenchymal stem cells
- chemotherapy induced