All that is silver is not toxic: silver ion and particle kinetics reveals the role of silver ion aging and dosimetry on the toxicity of silver nanoparticles.
Jordan Ned SmithDennis G ThomasHadley JolleyVamsi K KodaliMatthew H LittkePrabhakaran MunusamyDonald R BaerMatthew J GaffreyBrian D ThrallJustin G TeeguardenPublished in: Particle and fibre toxicology (2018)
Results of this study suggest that the unbound silver cation is the ultimate toxicant, and ions formed extracellularly drive toxicity after exposure to nanoparticles. Applying computational modeling (ISD3) to better understand dose metrics for soluble nanoparticles allows for better interpretation of in vitro hazard assessments.