Pharmacogenetics of anxiety and depression in Alzheimer's disease.

Anxiety and depression coexist with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease along with other concomitant disorders (>60%), which require multipurpose treatments. Polypharmaceutical regimens cause drug-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions, potentially avoidable in number and severity with the implementation of pharmacogenetic procedures. The accumulation of defective variants (>30 genes per patient in more than 50% of cases) in pharmagenes (pathogenic, mechanistic, metabolic, transporter, pleiotropic) influences the therapeutic response to antidementia, antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs in polyvalent regimens. APOE , CYP1A2 , CYP2C9 , CYP2C19 , CYP2D6 , CYP2E1 , CYP3A4 , CYP3A5 , CYP4F2 , COMT , MAOB , CHAT , GSTP1 , NAT2 , SLC30A8 , SLCO1B1 , ADRA2A , ADRB2 , BCHE , GABRA1 , HMGCR , HTR2C , IFNL3 , NBEA , UGT1A1 , ABCB1 , ABCC2 , ABCG2 , SLC6A2 , SLC6A3 , SLC6A4 , MTHFR and OPRM1 variants affect anxiety and depression in Alzheimer's disease.