Pediatric Glaucoma-From Screening, Early Detection to Management.
Ruyue ShenVenice S W LiMandy O M WongPoemen Puiman ChanPublished in: Children (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
Pediatric glaucoma (PG) covers a rare and heterogeneous group of diseases with variable causes and presentations. Delayed diagnosis of PG could lead to blindness, bringing emotional and psychological burdens to patients' caregivers. Recent genetic studies identified novel causative genes, which may provide new insight into the etiology of PG. More effective screening strategies could be beneficial for timely diagnosis and treatment. New findings on clinical characteristics and the latest examination instruments have provided additional evidence for diagnosing PG. In addition to IOP-lowering therapy, managing concomitant amblyopia and other associated ocular pathologies is essential to achieve a better visual outcome. Surgical treatment is usually required although medication is often used before surgery. These include angle surgeries, filtering surgeries, minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries, cyclophotocoagulation, and deep sclerectomy. Several advanced surgical therapies have been developed to increase success rates and decrease postoperative complications. Here, we review the classification and diagnosis, etiology, screening, clinical characteristics, examinations, and management of PG.
Keyphrases
- minimally invasive
- optic nerve
- end stage renal disease
- genome wide
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- healthcare
- machine learning
- patient reported outcomes
- peritoneal dialysis
- prognostic factors
- palliative care
- emergency department
- stem cells
- cataract surgery
- coronary artery bypass
- high resolution
- depressive symptoms
- sleep quality
- bioinformatics analysis