Leprosy reactions: Unraveling immunological mechanisms underlying tissue damage in leprosy patients.
Héctor Serrano-CollEric L WanLina Restrepo-RiveraNora Cardona-CastroPublished in: Pathogens and disease (2024)
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious and disabling disease caused by two mycobacteria, Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Acute inflammatory responses, known as leprosy reactions, are significant contributors to disabilities. Three types of leprosy reactions have been identified based on excessive cytokine release (e.g. type 1) or the accumulation of immune complexes in tissues inducing multiorgan damage (e.g. types 2 and 3). The type of leprosy reaction has implications on treatment and management strategies, yet are not well understood by health workers caring for leprosy patients. We attempt to describe the immunologic mechanisms behind the different leprosy reactions and the rationale for tailoring clinical treatment and management to the particular type of leprosy reaction based on the underlying immunologic situation.
Keyphrases
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- healthcare
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- prognostic factors
- oxidative stress
- physical activity
- risk assessment
- intensive care unit
- hepatitis b virus
- systemic sclerosis
- weight gain
- climate change
- drug induced
- health information
- smoking cessation
- patient reported
- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- human health