Effect of regular kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use on quality of life of people who use kratom.

Background: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) is a traditional folk remedy used in Southeast Asia and is known to have a significant opioid-like effect. However, it is unknown whether kratom consumption can impair quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to examine the QoL of people who use kratom by comparing it with that of healthy non-kratom using controls and to determine the association between patterns of kratom use and QoL among people who use kratom. Methods: 200 respondents (100 subjects who use kratom and 100 healthy controls) were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF was administered to all the respondents to assess QoL, while the Kratom Dependence Scale (KDS) was used to assess the severity of kratom dependence among the subjects who use kratom. Results: The physical health, psychological, and environment QoL scores of the subjects who use kratom were significantly lower than those of the healthy controls. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed greater KDS score and longer duration of kratom use were significant predictors of physical health QoL, while only greater KDS score significantly predicted psychological and environment QoL scores. Conclusion: Prolonged kratom use and kratom dependence may negatively impact the QoL of people who use kratom, hence kratom addiction has to be treated adequately.