Detection and Investigation of Extracellular Vesicles in Serum and Urine Supernatant of Prostate Cancer Patients.
Samanta SalviErika BandiniSilvia CarloniValentina CasadioMichela BattistelliSara SalucciIlaria EraniEmanuela ScarpiRoberta GunelliGiacomo CicchettiMichele GuesciniMassimiliano BonafèFrancesco FabbriPublished in: Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Prostate Cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently identified urological cancers. PCa patients are often over-diagnosed due to still not highly specific diagnostic methods. The need for more accurate diagnostic tools to prevent overestimated diagnosis and unnecessary treatment of patients with non-malignant conditions is clear, and new markers and methods are strongly desirable. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promises as liquid biopsy-based markers. Despite the biological and technical issues present in their detection and study, these particles can be found highly abundantly in the biofluid and encompass a wealth of macromolecules that have been reported to be related to many physiological and pathological processes, including cancer onset, metastasis spreading, and treatment resistance. The present study aims to perform a technical feasibility study to develop a new workflow for investigating EVs from several biological sources. Serum and urinary supernatant EVs of PCa, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients, and healthy donors were isolated and investigated by a fast, easily performable, and cost-effective cytofluorimetric approach for a multiplex detection of 37 EV-antigens. We also observed significant alterations in serum and urinary supernatant EVs potentially related to BPH and PCa, suggesting a potential clinical application of this workflow.
Keyphrases
- benign prostatic hyperplasia
- prostate cancer
- lower urinary tract symptoms
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- prognostic factors
- cell free
- peritoneal dialysis
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- squamous cell carcinoma
- risk assessment
- dendritic cells
- radical prostatectomy
- young adults
- drinking water
- combination therapy
- high resolution
- drug induced
- human health
- single molecule
- atomic force microscopy
- high speed