Cytokine Levels and Symptoms Among Women with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Considering the Role of Hormonal Contraceptive Use.

Kendra J KampClaire HanRobert J ShulmanKevin C CainPamela BarneyMark R OppLin ChangRobert L BurrMargaret M Heitkemper

Published in: Biological research for nursing (2020)

These results suggest that hormonal contraceptive use might reduce IL-1β and TNF-α cytokine levels in women with IBS. The impact of hormonal contraceptive use on innate immune activation among women with IBS requires further research.

Keyphrases

irritable bowel syndrome
innate immune
polycystic ovary syndrome
rheumatoid arthritis
type diabetes
sleep quality
adipose tissue
physical activity