Effect of Long-Term Pesticides and Chemical Fertilizers Application on the Microbial Community Specifically Anammox and Denitrifying Bacteria in Rice Field Soil of Jhenaidah and Kushtia District, Bangladesh.
Md Mizanur RahmanKamrun NaharMd Meraj AliNasrin SultanaMohammad Minnatul KarimUtpal Kumar AdhikariMamoona RaufMd Abul Kalam AzadPublished in: Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology (2020)
In this study, we investigated the effect of long-term pesticides and chemical fertilizers application on the microbial communities specifically anammox and denitrification bacteria in rice field soils. The abundances of microbial communities (16S rDNA), anammox (hszB), and denitrification (narG, nirK, nirS, and nosZ) genes were quantified by q-PCR. 10 pesticides (5 insecticides, 3 fungicides and 2 herbicides) and chemical fertilizers urea, potassium, phosphate, DAP (di-ammonium phosphate), gypsum, and boric acid were used by local farmers. Nitrate, SOC (ammonia, soil organic carbon), N and C content significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the rice field soils as compared to the upland soils. Abundance of 16S rDNA, hszB, narG, nirK, nirS, and nosZ genes significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the rice field soils and positively correlated with chemical properties of soils. Our results provide useful information and further maintenance should be instilled to the potential of chemical and biological factors decreased in rice field soils.
Keyphrases
- microbial community
- heavy metals
- risk assessment
- human health
- wastewater treatment
- antibiotic resistance genes
- organic matter
- genome wide
- climate change
- gas chromatography
- nitric oxide
- healthcare
- gene expression
- zika virus
- bioinformatics analysis
- dna methylation
- high resolution
- ionic liquid
- room temperature
- transcription factor