Sex and racial differences in systemic lupus erythematosus among U.S. adults in the All of Us Research Program.

Our study demonstrated major clinical and health literacy differences in males and females with SLE. Socioeconomic factors were significant barriers to healthcare in both sexes. Our study suggests males have disproportionately poorer health literacy, which may exacerbate pre-existing disparities. Further large, prospective studies, focusing on recruiting men, are needed to better characterize racial differences in males with SLE.