Lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and tumor budding are prognostic factors for stage I colon cancer recurrence.
Seijong KimChang Hyun KimWoo Yong LeeSeong Hyeon YunHee Cheol KimYong Beom ChoYoon Ah ParkJung Kyong ShinPublished in: International journal of colorectal disease (2020)
LVI, PNI, and tumor budding are strong prognostic factors for stage I colon cancer. Therefore, patients with positive LVI, PNI, or tumor budding should receive close follow-up and potentially be considered for chemotherapy.