Regulation of glycolysis and cancer cell proliferation by PKM2 citrullination.

Conversion of peptidyl-arginine to peptidyl citrulline, known as citrullination, is a post-translational protein modification catalyzed by the PADI (Protein Arginine Deiminase) family of enzymes. PADI1 and PADI3 catalyze citrullination of arginine 106 in the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 modulating its allosteric regulation, glycolysis and cancer cell proliferation.