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Desirable Difficulty: Theory and application of intentionally challenging learning.

Adin M NelsonKinga L Eliasz
Published in: Medical education (2022)
This paper summarises the theory and empirical research on Desirable Difficulties during the learning process, from explaining what they are and why they may be effective to how they have been applied in different contexts. We argue that providing educators and trainees with a comprehensive theoretical and applied understanding of Desirable Difficulty will promote deliberate instructional design decisions and lead to more effective learning.
Keyphrases
  • primary care
  • general practice