Genotoxic endpoints in a Pb-accumulating pea cultivar: insights into Pb2+ contamination limits.
Eleazar RodriguezMárcia SousaAnicia GomesRaquel AzevedoNuno Mariz-PonteSara SarioRafael José MendesConceição SantosPublished in: Environmental science and pollution research international (2019)
Lead (Pb) persists among the most hazardous contaminant metals. Pb-induced genotoxic effects remain a matter of debate as they are a major cause of plant growth impairment, but assessing Pb genotoxicity requires the selection of Pb-sensitive genotoxic biomarkers. Seedlings of the ecotoxicological model species Pisum sativum L. were exposed to Pb2+ (≤ 2000 mg L-1). Flow cytometry (FCM) revealed that 28 days after, Pb2+ arrested root cell cycle at G2 but no eu/aneuploidies were found. Comet assay and FCM-clastogenicity assays showed that Pb2+ increased DNA breaks in roots at concentrations as low as 20 mg L-1. Leaves showed no variation in DNA-ploidy or cell cycle progression but had increased DNA breaks at the highest Pb2+ dose. We conclude that both Comet assay and the full-peak coefficient of variation (FPCV) were the most relevant endpoints of Pb-phytogenotoxicity. Also, the Pb-induced DNA breaks may be related with the arrest at the G2-checkpoint. Data will be relevant to better define Pb2+ ecogenotoxicological effects and their measuring tools and may contribute to a regulatory debate of this pollutant limits.
Keyphrases
- heavy metals
- cell cycle
- aqueous solution
- risk assessment
- cell proliferation
- health risk assessment
- health risk
- circulating tumor
- high throughput
- flow cytometry
- cell free
- magnetic resonance imaging
- single cell
- machine learning
- dna damage
- oxidative stress
- diabetic rats
- climate change
- deep learning
- artificial intelligence
- nucleic acid
- contrast enhanced
- plant growth
- data analysis