Harnessing the Immune System with Cancer Vaccines: From Prevention to Therapeutics.
Ilene LeSubramanian DhandayuthapaniJessica ChaconAnna M EiringShrikanth S GadadPublished in: Vaccines (2022)
Prophylactic vaccination against infectious diseases is one of the most successful public health measures of our lifetime. More recently, therapeutic vaccination against established diseases such as cancer has proven to be more challenging. In the host, cancer cells evade immunologic regulation by multiple means, including altering the antigens expressed on their cell surface or recruiting inflammatory cells that repress immune surveillance. Nevertheless, recent clinical data suggest that two classes of antigens show efficacy for the development of anticancer vaccines: tumor-associated antigens and neoantigens. In addition, many different vaccines derived from antigens based on cellular, peptide/protein, and genomic components are in development to establish their efficacy in cancer therapy. Some vaccines have shown promising results, which may lead to favorable outcomes when combined with standard therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the innate and adaptive immune systems, their interactions with cancer cells, and the development of various different vaccines for use in anticancer therapeutics.
Keyphrases
- public health
- dendritic cells
- papillary thyroid
- infectious diseases
- cancer therapy
- cell surface
- immune response
- small molecule
- induced apoptosis
- squamous cell
- big data
- metabolic syndrome
- type diabetes
- machine learning
- young adults
- squamous cell carcinoma
- signaling pathway
- cell death
- gene expression
- childhood cancer
- weight loss
- cell proliferation
- data analysis