Intravesical Ty21a treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer induces immune responses that correlate with safety and may be associated to therapy potential.

Ty21a immunotherapy of patient with NMIBC is promising with fewer inflammatory cytokines and mild AE, but induction of immune responses with possible antitumor potentials. Future phase II clinical trials are necessary to explore possible efficacy of intravesical Ty21a.