Pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in human milk: an exploratory analysis of racial differences to inform breast cancer etiology.

Jeanne MurphyRuth M PfeifferBrittny C Davis LynnAna I CaballeroEva P BrowneElizabeth C PunskaHannah P YangRoni T FalkDouglas L AndertonGretchen L GierachKathleen F ArcaroMark E Sherman

Published in: Breast cancer research and treatment (2018)

This exploratory study demonstrated the feasibility of measuring pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, and angiogenesis factors in human milk, and revealed higher levels of some pro-inflammatory factors, as well as increased leptin levels, among Black as compared with White women.

Keyphrases

human milk
low birth weight
preterm infants
anti inflammatory
endothelial cells
preterm birth
polycystic ovary syndrome
vascular endothelial growth factor
breast cancer risk
pregnancy outcomes
pregnant women