Characteristics of the nonpulmonary vein foci induced after second-generation cryoballoon ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Non-PV foci were observed in one-third of patients with PAF after cryoballoon ablation and were associated with AF recurrence. Catheter ablation for non-PV foci was effective when they were mappable; however, multichanging non-PV foci were associated with worse prognosis.