KPC-Producing Enterobacterales from Douro River, Portugal-Persistent Environmental Contamination by Putative Healthcare Settings.
Josman Dantas PalmeiraInah do ArteMai Muhammed Ragab MersalCatarina Carneiro da MotaHelena Maria Neto FerreiraPublished in: Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are a growing concern, representing a major public health threat to humans, especially in healthcare settings. In the present study, we evaluated the persistent contamination by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in water from Douro River, Portugal. KPC-producing Enterobacterales were detected in five water samples separated chronologically by 15 days each. Susceptibility testing was performed by disk-diffusion-method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), phenotypic carbapenemase activity was evaluated by carbapenem inactivation method, presumptive identification of the isolates was performed by CHROMagar orientation and confirmed by API-20E. Carbapenemase genes were screened by PCR and the clonality of all isolates was assessed by XbaI -Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). Fifteen KPC-producing Enterobacterales isolates were selected, identified as multidrug-resistant and showed a resistance profile to non-beta-lactam antibiotics: sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (7/15), ciprofloxacin (3/15), fosfomycin (3/15) and chloramphenicol (2/15). Isolates were identified as (6) Escherichia coli and (9) Klebsiella pneumoniae . Our results suggest a punctual contamination with KPC-producing Enterobacterales continued through the time. The absence of clonality between the isolates suggests a circulation of mobile genetic element harbouring KPC gene in the origin of contamination. This work provides a better understanding on the impacts of water pollution resulting from human activities on aquatic environments.
Keyphrases
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- multidrug resistant
- escherichia coli
- risk assessment
- gram negative
- healthcare
- human health
- genetic diversity
- public health
- drug resistant
- drinking water
- acinetobacter baumannii
- health risk
- heavy metals
- endothelial cells
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- copy number
- health risk assessment
- transcription factor
- gene expression
- biofilm formation
- cystic fibrosis
- microbial community
- candida albicans
- real time pcr
- antibiotic resistance genes