Retinal toxicity in a multinational inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus on hydroxychloroquine.
Celline C Almeida-BrasilJohn G HanlyMurray B UrowitzAnn Elaine ClarkeGuillermo Ruiz-IrastorzaCaroline GordonRosalind Ramsey-GoldmanMichelle A PetriEllen M GinzlerDaniel J WallaceSang-Cheol BaeJuanita Romero-DiazMary-Anne DooleyChristine PeschkenDavid IsenbergAnisur RahmanSusan ManziSøren JacobsenSung Sam LimRonald van VollenhovenOla NivedAndreas JönsenDiane L KamenCynthia AranowJorge Sánchez-GuerreroDafna D GladmanPaul R FortinGraciela S AlarconJoan T MerrillKenneth KalunianManuel Ramos-CasalsKristjan SteinssonA ZomaAnca D AskanaseMunther KhamashtaIan N BruceMurat InancLuck LukusaSasha BernatskyPublished in: Lupus science & medicine (2022)
This is the first assessment of HCQ and retinal disease in incident SLE. We did not see any cases of retinopathy within the first 4 years of HCQ. Cumulative HCQ may be associated with increased risk. Ophthalmology monitoring (and formal assessment of cases of potential toxicity, by a retinal specialist) remains important, especially in patients on HCQ for 10+ years, those needing higher doses and those of older age at SLE diagnosis.
Keyphrases
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- optical coherence tomography
- diabetic retinopathy
- disease activity
- end stage renal disease
- optic nerve
- ejection fraction
- oxidative stress
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- cardiovascular disease
- physical activity
- palliative care
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- rheumatoid arthritis
- machine learning
- middle aged
- community dwelling
- patient reported
- deep learning