The association between serum cholesterol levels and mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment in the Suita Study and evidence from other epidemiological studies.

While epidemiological evidence remains inconsistent, the Suita Study showed that decreased HDL-C and increased non-HDL-C, but not increased TC, were associated with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment. Management of serum cholesterol levels should be considered to prevent cognitive impairment.