Smartphone epifluorescence microscopy for cellular imaging of fresh tissue in low-resource settings.
Wenbin ZhuGiacomo PirovanoPatrick K O'NealCheng GongNachiket KulkarniChristopher D NguyenChristian BrandThomas ReinerDongkyun KangPublished in: Biomedical optics express (2019)
Disease diagnosis in low-resource settings can be challenging due to the lack of equipment and trained personnel required for histologic analysis. In this paper, we have developed a smartphone-based epifluorescence microscope (SeFM) for imaging fresh tissues at sub-cellular resolution. SeFM provides similar resolution and field of view (FOV) as those used during histologic analysis. The SeFM device achieved the lateral resolution of 0.57 µm and provided microscopy images over a sample area larger than 500 µm. The material cost was low, approximately $3,000. Preliminary images of human pancreatic tumor specimens clearly visualized cellular details. Quantitative analysis showed that using an excess dose of a chemotherapy drug significantly reduced the tumor-specific fluorescence signal, confirming the specificity of the drug and the detection potential of SeFM.
Keyphrases
- single molecule
- high resolution
- optical coherence tomography
- deep learning
- endothelial cells
- convolutional neural network
- label free
- high throughput
- gene expression
- squamous cell carcinoma
- emergency department
- high speed
- minimally invasive
- radiation therapy
- locally advanced
- mass spectrometry
- fluorescence imaging
- adverse drug
- quantum dots