Streamlined intraoperative brain tumor classification and molecular subtyping in stereotactic biopsies using stimulated Raman histology and deep learning.

AI-based SRH image analysis is non-inferior to frozen section analysis in detecting and subclassifying brain tumors during small stereotactic-guided biopsies once a critical squeezed sample size is reached. Beyond frozen section analysis, it enables valid molecular glioma subtyping, allowing faster treatment decisions in the future. Refinement is needed for long-term application.