Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in relation to craving and duration of abstinence in patients with heroin dependence-A case-control study.

This study revealed a significant positive correlation between serum BDNF levels and craving in active heroin users versus 1-year abstinent subjects. It is the first study to address the relationship between craving and serum BDNF level in a 1-year abstinent participants. These findings help to determine the brain alterations associated with illness and recovery in heroin dependence.