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Neuroinflammation and Hypothalamo-Pituitary Dysfunction: Focus of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Chiara MeleValeria PingueMarina CaputoMarco ZavattaroLoredana PaganoFlavia ProdamAntonio NardoneGianluca AimarettiPaolo Marzullo
Published in: International journal of molecular sciences (2021)
The incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has increased over the last years with an important impact on public health. Many preclinical and clinical studies identified multiple and heterogeneous TBI-related pathophysiological mechanisms that are responsible for functional, cognitive, and behavioral alterations. Recent evidence has suggested that post-TBI neuroinflammation is responsible for several long-term clinical consequences, including hypopituitarism. This review aims to summarize current evidence on TBI-induced neuroinflammation and its potential role in determining hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunctions.
Keyphrases
  • traumatic brain injury
  • public health
  • severe traumatic brain injury
  • oxidative stress
  • diabetic rats
  • risk factors
  • high glucose
  • drug induced
  • mesenchymal stem cells
  • blood brain barrier