Multicellular Vascularized Engineered Tissues through User-Programmable Biomaterial Photodegradation.

A photodegradable material-based approach to generate endothelialized 3D vascular networks within cell-laden hydrogel biomaterials is introduced. Exploiting multiphoton lithography, microchannel networks spanning nearly all size scales of native human vasculature are readily generated with unprecedented user-defined 4D control. Intraluminal channel architectures of synthetic vessels are fully customizable, providing new opportunities for next-generation microfluidics and directed cell function.