Chest Radiograph Scoring Alone or Combined with Other Risk Scores for Predicting Outcomes in COVID-19.
Iain Au-YongYutaro HigashiElisabetta GiannottiAndrew W FogartyJoanne R MorlingMatthew J GraingeAndrea RaceIrene JuurlinkMark SimmondsSteve BriggsSimon CruikshankSusan Hammond-PearsProf Joe WestColin J CrooksTimothy R CardPublished in: Radiology (2021)
Background Radiographic severity may predict patient deterioration and outcomes from COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To assess the reliability and reproducibility of three chest radiograph reporting systems (RALE, Brixia, and percentage opacification) in proven SARS-CoV-2 and examine the ability of these scores to predict adverse outcomes both alone and in conjunction with two clinical scoring systems: NEWS2 and ISARIC-4C mortality. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study used routinely collected clinical data of PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 patients admitted to a single UK center from February 2020 until July 2020. Initial chest radiographs were scored for RALE, Brixia, and percentage opacification by one of three radiologists. Intra- and inter-rater agreement was assessed with Intraclass correlation coefficients. The rate of ICU admission or death until 60 days after scored chest radiograph was estimated. NEWS2 and ISARIC-4C mortality, on hospital admission were calculated. Daily risk of admission to ICU or death was modelled with Cox proportional hazards models, incorporating the chest radiograph scores adjusted for NEWS2 or ISARIC-4C mortality. Results Admission chest radiographs of 50 patients (mean age, 74 years +/-16 [sd], 28 men) were scored by all 3 radiologists, with good inter-rater reliability for all scores (ICCs (95% CIs) of for RALE 0.87 (0.80, 0.92), BRIXIA 0.86 (0.76, 0.92), and percentage opacification 0.72 (0.48, 0.85)). Of 751 patients with chest radiograph, those with >75% opacification had a median time to ICU admission or death of just 1-2 days. Among 628 patients with data (median age 76 years (IQR 61 - 84), and 344 were men), 50-75% opacification increased risk of ICU admission or death by twofold (1.6 - 2.8), and over 75% opacification by 4 fold (3.4 - 4.7), compared to a 0-25% opacification when adjusted for NEWS2 score. Conclusion BRIXIA, RALE, and percent opacification scores all reliably predicted adverse outcomes in SARS-CoV-2. See also the editorial by Little.
Keyphrases
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