Retromode Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy for Choroidal Nevi: A Preliminary Study.
Claudia AzzoliniMaura Di NicolaFrancesco Pozzo GiuffridaFrancesca CappelliClaudia BellinaFrancesco ViolaPaolo ChelazziPublished in: Life (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
The purpose of the present study was to document pathological findings on retromode imaging in choroidal nevi and evaluate its diagnostic validity, using the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope Nidek Mirante (cSLO). A total of 41 choroidal nevi from 41 patients were included. All patients underwent multicolor fundus (mCF), infrared reflectance (IR), green fundus autofluorescence (FAF), dark-field (DF) and retromode (RM) imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. We investigated retromode images to evaluate choroidal nevus features by comparing the results with those of mCF, IR, FAF, DF and OCT. In 100% of available images, retromode scanning laser ophthalmoscopy was able to detect choroidal nevi with a characteristic "hypo-retro-reflective" pattern, even the cases not visible on mCF, IR and FAF images. It also made it possible to delineate the margins of lesions with the highest rate of sharpness and accuracy among the imaging modalities examined. These findings seem to demonstrate how RM-SLO is an innovative diagnostic tool to detect and follow up choroidal nevi in a fast, reliable and non-invasive way.
Keyphrases
- optical coherence tomography
- diabetic retinopathy
- high resolution
- end stage renal disease
- optic nerve
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- computed tomography
- breast cancer cells
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- magnetic resonance imaging
- deep learning
- machine learning
- patient reported outcomes
- convolutional neural network
- mass spectrometry