Iron Control in Liquid Effluents: Pseudo-Emulsion Based Hollow Fiber Membrane with Strip Dispersion Technology with Pseudo-Protic Ionic Liquid (RNH 3 + HSO 4 - ) as Mobile Carrier.

The transport of iron(III) from aqueous solutions through pseudo-emulsion-based hollow fiber with strip dispersion (PEHFSD) was investigated using a microporous hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane module. The pseudo-protic ionic liquid RNH 3 HSO 4 - dissolved in Solvesso 100 was used as the carrier phase. This pseudo-protic ionic liquid was generated by the reaction of the primary amine Primene JMT (RNH 2 ) with sulphuric acid. The aqueous feed phase (3000 cm 3 ) containing iron(III) was passed through the tube side of the fiber, and the pseudo-emulsion phase of the carrier phase (400 cm 3 ) and sulphuric acid (400 cm 3 ) were circulated through the shell side in counter-current operational mode, using a single hollow fiber module for non-dispersive extraction and stripping. In the operation, the stripping solution (sulphuric acid) was dispersed into the organic membrane phase in a tank with a mixing arrangement (a four-blade impeller stirrer) designed to provide strip dispersion. This dispersed phase was continuously circulated from the tank to the membrane module in order to provide a constant supply of the organic solution to the fiber pores. Different hydrodynamic and chemical parameters, such as feed (75-400 cm 3 /min) and pseudo-emulsion phases (50-100 cm 3 /min) flows, sulphuric acid concentration in the feed and stripping phases (0.01-0.5 M and 0.5-3 M, respectively), metal concentration (0.01-1 g/L) in the feed phase, and PPILL concentration (0.027-0.81 M) in the carrier phase, were investigated. From the experimental data, different diffusional parameters were estimated, concluding that the resistance due to the feed phase was not the rate-controlling step of the overall iron(III) transport process. It was possible to concentrate iron(III) in the strip phase using this smart PEHFSD technology.