Login / Signup

Volume of subcortical brain regions in social anxiety disorder: mega-analytic results from 37 samples in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group.

Nynke A GroenewoldJanna Marie Bas-HoogendamAlyssa R AmodMax A LaansmaLaura S Van VelzenMoji AghajaniKevin HilbertHyuntaek OhRamiro SalasAndrea Parolin JackowskiPedro Mario PanGiovanni A SalumJames R BlairKarina S BlairJoy HirschSpiro P PantazatosFranklin R SchneierArdesheer TalatiKarin RoelofsInge VolmanLaura Blanco-HinojoNarcís CardonerJesus PujolKatja Beesdo-BaumChristopher R K ChingSophia I ThomopoulosAndreas JansenTilo KircherAxel KrugIgor NenadićFrederike SteinUdo DannlowskiDominik GrotegerdHannah LemkeSusanne MeinertAlexandra WinterMichael ErbBenjamin KreifeltsQi-Yong GongSu LuiFei ZhuBenson MwangiJair C SoaresMon-Ju WuAli BayramMesut CanliRaşit TükelP Michiel WestenbergAlexandre HeerenHenk R CremersDavid HofmannThomas StraubeAlexander G G DoruyterChristine LochnerJutta PeterbursMarie-José Van TolRaquel E GurAntonia N KaczkurkinBart LarsenTheodore Daniel SatterthwaiteCourtney A FilippiAndrea L GoldAnita HarrewijnAndré ZugmanRobin BülowHans J GrabeHenry VölzkeKatharina WittfeldJoscha BöhnleinKatharina DohmHarald KugelElisabeth SchrammenPeter ZwanzgerElisabeth J LeehrLisa SindermannTali M BallGregory A FonzoMartin P PaulusAlan SimmonsMurray B SteinHeide KlumppK Luan PhanTomas FurmarkKristoffer N T MånssonAmirhossein ManzouriSuzanne N AveryJennifer Urbano BlackfordJacqueline A ClaussBrandee FeolaJennifer C HarperChad M SylvesterUlrike LuekenDick J VeltmanAnderson M WinklerNeda JahanshadDaniel S PinePaul M ThompsonDan J SteinNic J A Van der Wee
Published in: Molecular psychiatry (2023)
There is limited convergence in neuroimaging investigations into volumes of subcortical brain regions in social anxiety disorder (SAD). The inconsistent findings may arise from variations in methodological approaches across studies, including sample selection based on age and clinical characteristics. The ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group initiated a global mega-analysis to determine whether differences in subcortical volumes can be detected in adults and adolescents with SAD relative to healthy controls. Volumetric data from 37 international samples with 1115 SAD patients and 2775 controls were obtained from ENIGMA-standardized protocols for image segmentation and quality assurance. Linear mixed-effects analyses were adjusted for comparisons across seven subcortical regions in each hemisphere using family-wise error (FWE)-correction. Mixed-effects d effect sizes were calculated. In the full sample, SAD patients showed smaller bilateral putamen volume than controls (left: d = -0.077, p FWE  = 0.037; right: d = -0.104, p FWE  = 0.001), and a significant interaction between SAD and age was found for the left putamen (r = -0.034, p FWE  = 0.045). Smaller bilateral putamen volumes (left: d = -0.141, p FWE  < 0.001; right: d = -0.158, p FWE  < 0.001) and larger bilateral pallidum volumes (left: d = 0.129, p FWE  = 0.006; right: d = 0.099, p FWE  = 0.046) were detected in adult SAD patients relative to controls, but no volumetric differences were apparent in adolescent SAD patients relative to controls. Comorbid anxiety disorders and age of SAD onset were additional determinants of SAD-related volumetric differences in subcortical regions. To conclude, subtle volumetric alterations in subcortical regions in SAD were detected. Heterogeneity in age and clinical characteristics may partly explain inconsistencies in previous findings. The association between alterations in subcortical volumes and SAD illness progression deserves further investigation, especially from adolescence into adulthood.
Keyphrases