Comparison of serum thiol-disulphide homeostasis and total antioxidant-oxidant levels between exudative age-related macular degeneration patients and healthy subjects.

Serum TOS levels are higher, TAS levels are lower, and the T-D balance is shifted to the DS bond side in AMD patients. These results suggest that increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant levels may play a role in AMD progression. Further studies are needed to confirm the pathophysiologic role of T-D homeostasis in AMD.