Impact of P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4-interacting drugs on clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation using non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants: a nationwide cohort study.

Concomitant use of P-gp/CYP3A4 inhibitors was associated with higher bleeding and all-cause mortality risks in NOAC users, whereas the use of P-gp/CYP3A4 inducers was associated with higher stroke risks.