Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) signalling in the brain: From neural circuits and metabolism to therapeutics.
Anita KabahiziBriana WallaceLinh LieuDominic ChauYanbin DongEun-Sang HwangKevin W WilliamsPublished in: British journal of pharmacology (2021)
Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) derived from gut enteroendocrine cells and a discrete population of neurons in the caudal medulla acts through humoral and neural pathways to regulate satiety, gastric motility and pancreatic endocrine function. These physiological attributes contribute to GLP-1 having a potent therapeutic action in glycaemic regulation and chronic weight management. In this review, we provide an overview of the neural circuits targeted by endogenous versus exogenous GLP-1 and related drugs. We also highlight candidate subpopulations of neurons and cellular mechanisms responsible for the acute and chronic effects of GLP-1 and GLP-1 receptor agonists on energy balance and glucose metabolism. Finally, we present potential future directions to translate these findings towards the development of effective therapies for treatment of metabolic disease.
Keyphrases
- type diabetes
- spinal cord
- drug induced
- immune response
- induced apoptosis
- liver failure
- escherichia coli
- respiratory failure
- risk assessment
- cell death
- signaling pathway
- staphylococcus aureus
- spinal cord injury
- intensive care unit
- cancer therapy
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- biofilm formation
- human health
- replacement therapy