Magnetic nanoparticle-based combination therapy: Synthesis and in vitro proof of concept of CrFe2O4- rosmarinic acid nanoparticles for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapy.

Magnetic drug delivery systems using nanoparticles present a promising opportunity for clinical treatment. This study explored the potential anti-inflammatory properties of RosA- CrFe2O4 nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were developed through rosmarinic acid (RosA) co-precipitation via a photo-mediated extraction technique. XRD, FTIR, and TEM techniques were employed to characterize the nanoparticles, and the results indicated that they had a cubic spinel ferrite (FCC) structure with an average particle size of 25nm. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of RosA- CrFe2O4 nanoparticles were evaluated by using LPS-induced raw 264.7 macrophages and a hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, respectively. The results showed that RosA- CrFe2O4 nanoparticles had moderate DPPH scavenging effects with an IC50 value of 59.61±4.52μg/ml. Notably, these nanoparticles effectively suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS) in LPS-stimulated cells. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory activity of RosA- CrFe2O4 nanoparticles was confirmed by reducing the release of secretory pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. This investigation highlights the promising potential of Phyto-mediated CrFe2O4-RosA as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent in biomedical applications.